U.S. v. MEXICO | MEXICAN-AMERICAN WAR (1846-1847)
White immigrants began to outnumber Mexicans in Texas (irony!), so naturally Mexico closed immigration into the territory, which always works. That precipitated the Texas Revolution of 1836 and some hurt sentimientos.
Disputes 10 years later over Texas’ true boundary, combined with President James K. Polk’s policy of Manifest Destiny (highfalutin’ talk for hoovering up all of the remaining land till we spilled into the Pacific Ocean) ended in the annexation of the disputed Texas territory, New Mexico, and California at a cost of $15 million. Or half of what the U.S. offered before the war.